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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Au-delà du tatami ? : situer le combat et les sens de la violence en jiu-jitsu brésilien</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Jiu-jitsu brésilien</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Art martiaux</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ethnography</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse consiste en une ethnographie des pratiquantes et des pratiquants de l’arte suave du jiu-jitsu brésilien observés dans deux dojos français. Moi-même combattant dans cette discipline, je fonde mon enquête sur une démarche de participation observante : une forme de « sociologie charnelle » dont l’heuristicité a été démontrée en matière d’ethnographie des sports de combat. Si le jiu-jitsu brésilien définit le terrain d’enquête, il ne circonscrit pas pour autant l’objet d’étude. Plutôt que de travailler sur les interprétations françaises ou la globalisation d’une pratique martiale importée du Brésil, l’idée directrice est celle d’une observation menée dans les dojos afin de saisir le sens que donnent les jiujiteiras et les jiujiteiros à leurs expériences du combat et à la violence. Cette dernière se situe-t-elle dans le corps à corps, ou se trame-t-elle en arrière-fond des affrontements les plus visibles : dans les vies et les expériences du monde que font quotidiennement celles et ceux qui pratiquent ? Répondre à cette question amène à questionner les fondements de la violence et de ses épreuves, donc à contribuer à l’étude d’un objet majeur de la sociologie.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis consists of an ethnography of male and female practitioners of the arte suave (supple art) of Brazilian jiu-jitsu observed in two French dojos. As a fighter myself in this discipline, I have based my investigation on a participatory observational approach: a form of ‘carnal sociology’ whose heuristic value has been demonstrated in the ethnography of combat sports. While Brazilian jiu-jitsu defines the field of investigation, it does not circumscribe the object of study. Rather than working on French interpretations or the globalisation of a martial practice imported from Brazil, the guiding principle is that of observation carried out in the dojos in order to grasp the meaning that jiujiteiras and jiujiteiros (Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners) give to their experiences of combat and violence. Is this violence to be found in hand-to-hand combat, or does it lurk in the background of the most visible confrontations: in the lives and experiences of the world that those who practise engage in on a daily basis ? Answering this question leads us to question the foundations of violence and its trials, and to contribute to the study of a major subject in sociology.</dcterms:abstract>
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