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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse se concentre sur la caractérisation de l’hétérogénéité moléculaire et métabolique des glioblastomes (GB). Nous avons identifié sept sous-classes de GB se distinguant par des activités régulatrices propres, ainsi que par des caractéristiques moléculaires et biologiques spécifiques. En intégrant des analyses transcriptomiques, métabolomiques, de flux extracellulaire, et l’évaluation de l’activité de régulateurs spécifiques, nous avons caractérisé l’hétérogénéité des cellules souches de GB (CSG) et leur plasticité en fonction de leur état (souche, différencié) ou du microenvironnement (normoxie, hypoxie, chimiothérapie). L’évaluation de leur sensibilité au témozolomide a révélé une résistance intrinsèque dans les CSG glycolytiques et l’apparition d’une résistance acquise en réponse à des stimuli environnementaux. Nos découvertes soulignent l’importance de cibler l’autophagie et le stress oxydatif pour surmonter la résistance à la chimiothérapie, et renforcent la nécessité d’approches thérapeutiques personnalisées adaptées à l’hétérogénéité et à la plasticité des GB.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis focuses on characterizing the molecular and metabolic heterogeneity of glioblastomas (GB). We identified seven distinct subclasses of GB, each characterized by unique regulatory activities, as well as by specific molecular and biological characteristics. Integrating transcriptomic, metabolomic and extracellular flux analyses, along with the evaluation of specific regulatory activities, we characterized the heterogeneity of GB stem cells (GSC) and their plasticity depending on their cellular state (stem, differentiated) or the microenvironment (normoxia, hypoxia, chemotherapy). The assessment of their sensitivity to temozolomide revealed an intrinsic resistance in glycolytic GSC and the emergence of acquired resistance in response to environmental stimuli. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting autophagy and oxidative stress to overcome chemotherapy resistance, and reinforce the need for personalized therapeutic approaches adapted to the heterogeneity and plasticity of GB.</dcterms:abstract>
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