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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Implication des microglies et des astrocytes dans le métabolisme central de la morphine</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La morphine est l’opiacée de référence utilisée en clinique pour lutter contre la douleur. Néanmoins, dans certains cas, comme lors de douleurs neuropathiques, celle-ci est inefficace. La douleur neuropathique se caractérise par une neuroinflammation qui peut impacter l’activité des cellules gliales au sein du système nerveux central. Mes travaux de thèse montrent que ces cellules gliales, notamment les astrocytes réactifs, métabolisent la morphine de façon plus intense lors d’une neuroinflammation. Ce phénomène est relié à l’augmentation de l’expression d’un facteur de transcription appelé AhR qui est capable d’augmenter l’expression des enzymes de métabolisme de la morphine. En inhibant l’activité de l’AhR via l’injection d’un inhibiteur appelé SR1, j’ai pu montrer, pour la première fois que l’effet analgésique de la morphine était augmenté dans un modèle de douleurs neuropathiques. Ces travaux ouvrent alors la voie à un potentiel mécanisme, jusqu’alors inexploité, dans lequel il est possible d’augmenter les effets de la morphine pour traiter la douleur neuropathique.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Morphine is the standard opiate used clinically to combat pain. However, in some cases, such as neuropathic pain, it is ineffective. Neuropathic pain is characterized by neuroinflammation that can affect glial cell activity within the central nervous system. My thesis work shows that these glial cells, particularly reactive astrocytes, metabolize morphine more intensely during neuroinflammation. This phenomenon is linked to increased expression of a transcription factor called AhR, which is capable of increasing expression of morphine-metabolizing enzymes. By inhibiting AhR activity via injection of an inhibitor called SR1, I was able to show, for the first time, that the analgesic effect of morphine was increased in a model of neuropathic pain. This work paves the way to a potential, hitherto unexploited, mechanism for enhancing the effects of morphine to treat neuropathic pain.</dcterms:abstract>
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