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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation et modulation non pharmacologique des dérégulations épigénétiques associées à la maladie de Huntington : vers l’identification de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Characterization and non-pharmacological modulation of epigenetics alterations in Huntington’s disease : towards the identification of new therapeutical targets</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Maladie de Huntington</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Striatum</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vieillissement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Complexe polycomb</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Huntington’s disease</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Striatum</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Epigenetics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aging</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La maladie de Huntington (MH) est une maladie neurodégénérative génétique caractérisée par des symptômes moteurs, cognitifs et psychiatriques causés par une atteinte primaire du striatum. Le mécanisme pathogénique implique une dérégulation épigénétique et transcriptionnelle à l’origine d’une perte d’identité et de fonction des neurones. Cette thèse a consisté en la caractérisation épigénétique du striatum de modèles murins à une résolution type cellulaire-spécifique et à différent stades de la MH. Nous avons observé que les neurones striataux qui expriment le gène muté dans la MH présentent une érosion épigénétique traduisant un vieillissement accéléré qui implique une altération des complexes polycomb. Les régulations épigénétiques étant sensibles à l’environnement, nous avons caractérisé le phénotype comportemental et moléculaire de modèles murins de la MH hébergés en environnement enrichi (EE) afin de décrypter l’effet de l’EE sur les régulations épigénétiques et transcriptionnelles. Nos résultats permettent une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes pathogéniques de la MH, et offrent de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic disease characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric disorders caused by primary damage to the striatum. The pathogenic mechanism is complex and involve epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulations leading to a loss of neuronal identity and cell function. This thesis aimed to characterize the striatal epigenetic signature in mouse models with a celltype-specific resolution at different stages of HD. We observed that striatal neurons expressing the HD mutation undergo epigenetic erosion, reflecting accelerated aging in HD, induced by alterations in polycomb complexes. As epigenetic regulations are sensitive to the environment, we characterized the behavioral phenotype and molecular alterations of HD mouse model after housing in an enriched environment (EE) to decipher the epigenetic and transcriptomic effects induced by EE. Our findings thus provide a better understanding of early pathogenic mechanisms in HD, opening new therapeutic perspectives.</dcterms:abstract>
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