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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Structure of mitotic chromosome and the role of condensin protein in the structural organization of chromosomes</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mitose</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cryo-CLEM</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitosis</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="234734612" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Condensine</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Au cours de la mitose, la chromatine interphasique subit une compaction massive en structures en forme de bâtonnets. Les condensines sont des complexes protéiques dont on sait qu'ils jouent un rôle majeur dans l'organisation des chromosomes mitotiques. Les eucaryotes possèdent deux complexes de condensines conservés, à savoir les condensines 1 et 2. Des études in vitro sur des modèles d'ADN nus montrent que les condensines ont une activité d'extrusion de boucles dans l'organisation des chromosomes. Cependant, il reste encore beaucoup à explorer en ce qui concerne l'étude de la fonction des condensines dans l'environnement encombré de la chromatine. Nous avons utilisé la technologie halo tag où le domaine SMC2 des condensines est marqué par fluorescence à l'aide d'un ligand halo TMR. Cette approche nous aide à localiser les régions riches en condensines dans les chromosomes mitotiques partiellement décondensés en utilisant la cryo-microscopie en lumière à l'intérieur des chromosomes vitrifiés pour les études de cryo-tomographie électronique. Nos tomographies montrent les complexes de condensine dans l'environnement chromatinien. Cela ouvre une fenêtre sur l'étude de l'activité de liaison à l'ADN de la condensine, l'oligomérisation ou le regroupement de la condensine et son interaction avec d'autres composants non histoniques des chromosomes mitotiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">During mitosis, the interphase chromatin undergoes a massive round of compaction into rod-shaped structures. Condensins are protein complexes that have been known to play a major role in mitotic chromosome organization. Eukaryotes have two conserved condensin complexes, namely condensin 1 and 2. In vitro studies on naked DNA templates show evidence for loop extrusion activity of condensins in chromosome organization. However, there is still a lot to explore regarding the study of condensin function inside the crowded chromatin environment. We have used halo tag technology where the SMC2 domain of condensins is tagged to fluorescently label using a halo TMR ligand. This approach helps us to locate condensin-rich regions in partially decondensed mitotic chromosomes using cryo-light microscopy inside the vitrified chromosomes for cryo-electron tomography studies. Our tomograms show condensin complexes inside the chromatin environment. This opens up a window into the study of DNA binding activity of condensin, the oligomerization or clustering of condensin and its interaction with other non-histone components of mitotic chromosomes.</dcterms:abstract>
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