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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La thrombose de stent : évaluation de l’importance de la rhéologie dans la thrombogénicité des stents et d’un nouvel agent pharmacologique dirigé contre la GPVI pour prévenir la thrombose de stent</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Stent thrombosis : evaluation of the importance of rheology in stent thrombogenicity and of a novel pharmacological agent directed against GPVI to prevent stent thrombosis</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Plaquettes</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Une complication majeure de la pose d’un stent sur une plaque d’athérosclérose est la thrombose de stent, qui présente un taux de mortalité particulièrement élevé. La bithérapie antiplaquettaire, indiquée dans la prévention de cette complication, entraîne un risque important de saignement et n’est pas toujours efficace. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse a consisté à identifier les mécanismes de la thrombose de stent et à évaluer l’intérêt d’une nouvelle classe d'agents antiplaquettaires capables de la prévenir efficacement avec un risque hémorragique faible. Le développement d’un modèle macrofluidique original a permis de montrer que les stents carotidiens utilisés en clinique possèdent une thrombogénicité intrinsèque d’une part au niveau de la bifurcation, dans la lumière du vaisseau, et d’autre part au niveau des mailles en contact avec la paroi du vaisseau. Le dispositif a également mis en lumière un effet protecteur des mailles du stent sur la thrombose de stent. Enfin, le modèle a montré que le glenzocimab, un agent anti-GPVI, est aussi efficace dans la prévention de la thrombose de stent que les traitements de référence, mais sans risque de saignements.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">A major complication of stenting in a diseased artery is stent thrombosis, which has a particularly high mortality rate. Dual antiplatelet therapy, indicated to prevent this complication, possesses a high risk of bleeding and is not always effective. The aim of my PhD was to identify the mechanisms of stent thrombosis and to evaluate the interest of a new class of antiplatelet agents to efficiently prevent it with a low bleeding risk. The development of an original macrofluidic model has enabled us to show that the carotid stents used in clinical practice present an intrinsic thrombogenicity evidenced both at the bifurcation of a vessel where the stent meshes lie in the lumen, and around some specific places of the stent struts which are in contact with the vessel wall. The device also helped to identify a protective effect of the stent mesh, which reduces stent thrombosis. Finally, the model showed that glenzocimab, an anti-GPVI agent, is effective in preventing stent thrombosis to a similar extent than reference treatments, but with no bleeding risk.</dcterms:abstract>
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