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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Analyse du déterminisme de la composition du bois de vigne en relation avec la tolérance aux maladies du bois</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Analysis of the determinism of grapevine wood composition in relation to tolerance to grapevine trunk diseases</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vigne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Composition du bois</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Métabolomique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Génétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Maladies du bois</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Grapevine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Wood composition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Metabolomics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Genetics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Trunk diseases</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le bois de la vigne est riche en polyphénols qui pourraient impacter le développement des champignons liés aux maladies du bois (MDB). L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser le déterminisme génétique de la composition du bois de vigne et d’étudier son impact éventuel sur la tolérance aux MDB. Grâce à des approches de métabolomique et de génétique quantitative, nous avons identifié des régions du génome de la vigne déterminant la teneur en molécules de la famille des stilbènes. La validation fonctionnelle de gènes candidats a permis la caractérisation d’un gène contrôlant l’accumulation constitutive de stilbènes glycosylés dans le bois, ce qui constitue la première identification d’un gène lié à la synthèse des stilbènes par une approche génétique chez la vigne. Parallèlement, le développement d’une méthode de phénotypage basée sur des biomarqueurs fongiques a permis d’identifier des régions du génome de la vigne impactant le développement du champignon Neofusicoccum parvum associé aux MDB. Ces résultats suggèrent l’existence d’une base génétique de la tolérance à N. parvum, qui pourrait à terme être exploitée dans des programmes de créations variétales.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Grapevine wood is rich in polyphenols that could have an impact on the development of fungi linked to grapevine trunk diseases (GTD). The aim of this thesis is to analyze the genetic determinism of grapevine wood composition and study its possible impact on the tolerance to GTD. Using metabolomics and quantitative genetics approaches, we have identified regions of the grapevine genome that determine the content of stilbene family molecules in wood. Functional validation of candidate genes has led to the characterization of a gene controlling the constitutive accumulation of glycosylated stilbenes in wood, which is the first identification of a gene involved in stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine using a genetic approach. In parallel, the development of a phenotyping method based on fungal biomarkers has enabled us to identify regions of the grapevine genome impacting the development of the fungus Neofusicoccum parvum associated with GTD. These results suggest the existence of a genetic basis for tolerance to N. parvum, which could eventually be exploited in varietal breeding programs.</dcterms:abstract>
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