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<dc:title xml:lang="en">The genotype-phenotype relationship through the pangenome perspective</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pangénome</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Relation génotype-phénotype</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Variants structurels</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Levure</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pangenome</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Evolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Genotype-phenotype relationship</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La variation génomique au sein d'une espèce constitue la base de la variation phénotypique héréditaire sur laquelle agit la sélection naturelle. Cependant, explorer le rôle des variants structurels (SV, plus de 50 paires de bases) sur la variation des traits reste un défi en raison de la difficulté à les détecter. Cette thèse vise à étudier l'impact phénotypique de ces variants en utilisant une population de plus de 1000 isolats de la levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae. La construction du pangénome à l'aide d'assemblages quasi-télomères-à-télomères a permis la création d'un catalogue complet de variants génomiques. Des études d'association avec plus de 8 000 caractères ont révélé l'impact relativement plus important des SV sur la variation des caractères, ainsi que des divergences entre l’architecture génétique de différents types de caractères. L'ensemble de ces travaux met en évidence le large impact phénotypique des grands variants génomiques au niveau de l'espèce.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Genomic variation within a species provides the basis for the heritable phenotypic variation upon which natural selection acts. However, exploring the role of structural variants (SVs, more than 50 base pairs) on trait variation remains a challenge due to the difficulty of detecting them. This thesis research aims to address the phenotypic impact of such variants by leveraging a natural population of over a thousand isolates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pangenome construction using near telomere-to-telomere assemblies enabled the creation of a comprehensive catalog of genomic variants. Association studies with more than 8,000 molecular and organismal traits revealed the relatively higher impact of SVs on traits variation, and discrepancies in the genomic basis of different types of traits. Together, this work highlights the strong phenotypic effect of large genomic variants at the species level.</dcterms:abstract>
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