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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La compliance : analyse critique d'une méthode</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Compliance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conformité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit des affaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Entreprise multinationale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Méthode</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Limites</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Critiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déresponsabilisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Instrumentalisation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Expertise</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Procéduralisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Régulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Compliance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Business law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Method</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multinational company</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Limits</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Critics</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Instrumentalization</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’analyse de la compliance, que l’on peut définir comme une méthode par laquelle l’État impose aux entreprises la mise en place de procédures préventives afin de garantir la prise en compte de l’intérêt général, laisse un sentiment mitigé. Elle est finalement une méthode inefficace en raison d’un risque d’instrumentalisation par les acteurs économiques. Ce constat décevant, au vu des espoirs placés en elle pour améliorer la régulation des entreprises multinationales, est dû aux malfaçons de la compliance : sa dépendance à l’expertise et l’omniprésence de la théorie de la procéduralisation. Cette étude a, en effet, permis de révéler que la compliance repose, d’une part, sur une conception de la science et de l’expertise, dite « moderne », qui suppose de conférer une place démesurée à l’expert et, d’autre part, sur la théorie de la procéduralisation, pourtant largement critiquée, qui conçoit le droit comme un espace de médiation où les normes doivent obtenir l’adhésion rationnelle du plus grand nombre. Cette étude met donc en exergue l’omniprésence de ces théories, de l’élaboration de la compliance à sa mise en œuvre. Cela permet de révéler les limites de cette méthode : elle produit un effet pervers qui conduit à déresponsabiliser les entreprises par l’instrumentalisation de la compliance.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The study of compliance, which can be defined as a method whereby the State compels companies to implement preventive procedures to guarantee that the public interest is taken into account, leaves a mitigated impression. It is ultimately an ineffective method due to the risk of its instrumentalization by economic players. This disappointing outcome, given the hopes placed in it to improve the regulation of multinational companies, is due to the flaws of compliance: its dependence on expertise and the omnipresence of the theory of proceduralization. This study has revealed that compliance is based, on the one hand, on a so-called “modern” conception of science and expertise, which implies giving a disproportionate role to the expert, and, on the other hand, on the theory of proceduralization, despite being widely criticized, which conceives the law as a space for mediation, where laws must be rationally endorsed by the greatest possible number of people. This study highlights the omnipresence of these theories, from the elaboration of compliance to its implementation. It reveals the limits of this method, which has the perverse effect of making companies less accountable through the instrumentalization of compliance.</dcterms:abstract>
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