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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L’indépendance des juges et l’utilisation de l’intelligence artificielle par les juridictions pénales</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Procédure pénale</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit constitutionnel</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Independence of judges</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal procedure</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’intelligence artificielle (IA), déjà utilisée par les forces de l’ordre, pourrait assister les juges pénaux dans leur prise de décision. Toutefois, son intégration doit respecter l’indépendance des juges, principe fondamental de l’État de droit, encore peu adapté aux défis posés par l’IA. Il est essentiel d’analyser les influences possibles de cette technologie sur les magistrats pour garantir un procès équitable. Une distinction claire entre influences acceptables et interdites est nécessaire afin de déterminer dans quelles conditions l’usage de l’IA est compatible avec l’indépendance judiciaire. Chaque étape du cycle de vie de l’IA ; développement, déploiement, utilisation ; doit être encadrée. Une approche pluridisciplinaire, mêlant droit, technologie et sciences cognitives, est indispensable pour assurer un encadrement rigoureux du recours à l’IA dans la justice pénale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Artificial intelligence (AI), already used by law enforcement, could assist criminal judges in decision-making. However, its integration must respect the independence of judges, a fundamental principle of the rule of law, which remains insufficiently adapted to the challenges posed by AI. It is essential to analyze the potential influences of this technology on magistrates to ensure a fair trial. A clear distinction between acceptable and prohibited influences is necessary to determine under what conditions AI use is compatible with judicial independence. Each stage of the AI lifecycle; development, deployment, and use; must be carefully regulated. A multidisciplinary approach, combining law, technology, and cognitive science, is essential to ensure a rigorous framework for the use of AI in criminal justice.</dcterms:abstract>
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