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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">La protection de l’environnement en droit français de la responsabilité civile extracontractuelle par le prisme de ses fonctions</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Responsabilité civile</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protection de l’environnement</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La croissance industrielle de la seconde moitié du XXᵉ siècle a conduit à un développement notable de la responsabilité civile dans la prise en charge des dommages résultant de la dégradation de l’environnement. Le rôle du droit de la responsabilité civile dans la réparation des dommages traditionnels causés aux personnes ou à leur patrimoine, ainsi que celui des atteintes portées à l’environnement, a fait l’objet de nombreuses études doctrinales et jurisprudentielles. La fonction réparatrice de la responsabilité civile n’est aujourd’hui plus guère à démontrer. Toutefois la fonction réparatrice, aussi effective et développée soit-elle, ne saurait à elle seule apporter une réponse satisfaisante aux risques environnementaux auxquels nous sommes confrontés. S’il est désormais largement admis que la responsabilité civile remplit une pluralité de fonctions, dépassant la simple réparation, ni la jurisprudence ni le droit positif ne donnent de définition précise ou exhaustive de ces fonctions. L’analyse doctrinale nous a amené à découvrir deux fonctions invisibilisées : fonction préventive et fonction corrective de l’illicite. Il convient dès lors d’analyser ces fonctions, de les distinguer les unes des autres, puis d’examiner leur mobilisation en matière environnementale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The industrial growth of the second half of the twentieth century led to a significant development of civil liability, particularly in addressing damage resulting from environmental degradation. The role of civil liability law in remedying traditional damage caused to persons or their property, as well as harm inflicted on the environment, has been the subject of extensive doctrinal and judicial analysis. The remedial function of civil liability no longer requires demonstration today. However, however effective and well-developed it may be, this remedial function alone cannot provide a satisfactory response to the environmental risks we currently face. While it is now widely accepted that civil liability fulfils a plurality of functions that go beyond the mere remediation of harm suffered, neither case law nor positive law offers a precise or exhaustive definition of these functions. Doctrinal analysis has nevertheless made it possible to identify two previously overlooked functions: the preventive function and the corrective function of unlawful conduct. It is therefore necessary to analyse these functions, to distinguish them from one another, and to examine their implementation in environmental matters.</dcterms:abstract>
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