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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Recalage de nuages de points multiples par apprentissage profond : application à la microscopie de localisation de molécule unique</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nuages de points</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Recalage rigide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Optimisation globale robuste</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microscopie de localisation de molécules uniques</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Rigid registration</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="279378653" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Microscopie SMLM</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les nuages de points sont devenus une représentation clé en vision par ordinateur et en microscopie computationnelle, permettant de modéliser efficacement des structures 3D complexes. Un problème central est le recalage rigide, qui vise à estimer rotation et translation pour aligner plusieurs nuages. Cette étape est cruciale pour la reconstruction 3D, la fusion multimodale et l’analyse quantitative, mais devient difficile en présence de bruit, d’occlusions ou de structures parasites. Cette thèse s’intéresse au recalage de nuages fortement dégradés, avec un focus sur la microscopie SMLM. Après une revisite des fondements mathématiques et algorithmiques, deux contributions sont proposées : une optimisation globale par multistart, simple et efficace, et une approche générative pour le recalage simultané multivues sans correspondances explicites. Le manuscrit offre également une synthèse structurée du domaine.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Point clouds have become a key representation in computer vision and computational microscopy, enabling flexible modeling of complex 3D structures. A fundamental task is rigid registration: estimating the rotation and translation that align multiple point clouds. This step underlies 3D reconstruction, multimodal fusion, and quantitative analysis, yet remains difficult when data are sparse, noisy, or contaminated with outliers. This thesis focuses on the rigid registration of highly degraded point clouds, with emphasis on Single Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM). After revisiting the mathematical and algorithmic foundations, two contributions are proposed: a simple yet effective multistart global optimization strategy based on principled exploration of rigid motions, and a generative framework for joint multiview registration without explicit correspondences. The manuscript also provides a structured overview of the field.</dcterms:abstract>
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