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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Ultrafast excited state dynamic of Archaerhodopsin-3 and its mutants</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Archaerhodopsine-3</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spectroscopie ultrarapide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dynamique de l’état excité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Effet du pH</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isomérisation du rétinal</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Optogénétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Archaerhodopsin-3</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ultrafast spectroscopy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Excited-state dynamics</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Retinal isomerization</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031496113" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Spectroscopie de fluorescence</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse étudie la dynamique de l’état excité de l’Archaerhodopsine-3 (AR-3) et de ses mutants afin de comprendre les mécanismes responsables de l’augmentation de la fluorescence, pertinente pour les applications en optogénétique. Des mesures de fluorescence résolues en temps montrent que la protonation du contre-ion D95 à pH acide prolonge la durée de vie de l’état excité, expliquant la sensibilité de la fluorescence au pH. Les mutants DETC et ARCH-5 présentent des rendements quantiques de fluorescence accrus et une efficacité d’isomérisation réduite, liée à des barrières énergétiques dans l’état excité. La spectroscopie vibrationnelle ultrarapide et les mesures en fonction de la température indiquent que la conversion interne selon des modes vibrationnels de faible énergie contrôle la relaxation. Ces résultats apportent une meilleure compréhension des interactions électrostatiques et des modifications structurales contrôlant la fluorescence du rétinal.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis explores the excited-state dynamics of Archaerhodopsin-3 (AR-3) and its mutants to understand mechanisms underlying enhanced fluorescence relevant to optogenetic applications. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements reveal that protonation of the D95 counterion at acidic pH prolongs the excited-state lifetime of AR-3, explaining its pH-sensitive emission. Mutants DETC and ARCH-5 show increased fluorescence quantum yields and reduced isomerisation efficiency, linked to excited-state energy barriers that inhibit ultrafast retinal isomerisation. Ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy and temperature-dependent measurements indicate that internal conversion along low-energy vibrational modes governs relaxation. These findings provide insights into how electrostatic interactions and structural modifications regulate retinal fluorescence, supporting the rational design of improved fluorescent rhodopsins.</dcterms:abstract>
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