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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Formulation de microparticules anti-microbiennes destinées à la bioimpression d’organoïdes pour la hernie diaphragmatique congénitale et la différenciation de cellules souches</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Antimicrobial microparticle formulation designed for organoid bioprinting for congenital diaphragmatic hernia and stem cell differentiation</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bioimpression</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microparticules</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diaphragme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ostéochondral</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antimicrobials</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La bioimpression 3D est une technique de fabrication additive permettant d’imprimer des cellules vivantes afin de reproduire un tissu biologique. La bioimpression par extrusion est actuellement la plus utilisée. Elle présente cependant de nombreuses limitations, telles que la densité cellulaire ou la diminution de la viabilité cellulaire post-impression, liée aux forces de cisaillement. Un autre problème fréquent en bioimpression est la contamination lors de l’impression ou de la maturation des tissus.Lors de travaux précédents, le laboratoire a développé des microparticules poreuses de PLGA capables de favoriser la prolifération cellulaire avant et après impression et de protéger les cellules des stress mécaniques lors de l’impression. Dans cette thèse, nous avons modifié ces microparticules afin de leur conférer des propriétés antimicrobiennes. Ces microparticules servent de système de délivrance pour des peptides antimicrobiens et ont montré une activité contre des souches bactériennes et fongiques. Deux applications ont été développées à partir de microparticules pour l’impression de modèles diaphragmatiques et ostéochondraux.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technique that allows living cells to be printed in order to reproduce biological tissue. Extrusion bioprinting is currently the most widely used technique. However, there are many limitations, such as cell density and reduced cell viability after printing due to shear forces. Another common problem in bioprinting is contamination occurring during printing or tissue maturation.In previous work, the laboratory developed porous PLGA microparticles that promote cell proliferation before and after printing and protecting cells from mechanical stress during printing. In this thesis, we modified these microparticles to give them antimicrobial properties. These microparticles act as a delivery system for antimicrobial peptides and have demontrated effectiveness against bacterial and fungal strains. Two applications have been developed using the microparticles, focusing on diaphragmatic and osteochondral model printing.</dcterms:abstract>
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