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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Biophysical insights into the properties of primitive cells</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Phospholipides à chaîne courte</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biophysique membranaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Perméabilité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Séparation de phase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Interactions ADNss-membran</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Évolution cellulaire primitive</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Short-chain phospholipids</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Protocells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Membrane biophysics</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Phase separation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse étudie les propriétés physico-chimiques des membranes phospholipidiques en relation avec les fonctions cellulaires primitives, en se concentrant sur : (i) les interactions entre l’ADNss et la membrane, (ii) la perméabilité de la membrane, (iii) la séparation des phases membranaires. Grâce à des études de liaison à la membrane ssDNA et de perméabilité moléculaire, nous avons identifié la 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycéro-3-phosphocholine (12:0 PC) comme un composant membranaire prébiotiquement plausible, avec une perméabilité intrinsèque et une haute affinité pour les nucléotides amphiphiles. Nous avons également montré que les membranes séparées en phase liquide-liquide, formées avec des mélanges de lipides prébiotiques et de cholestérol, peuvent fournir une base physique pour la division protocellulaire. Ce travail montre comment la composition et les propriétés physiques des membranes phospholipidiques à chaîne courte permettent des processus semblables à la vie. Mettre en évidence le potentiel des phospholipides à chaîne courte pour combler le fossé entre la biophysique membranaire moderne et les systèmes cellulaires primitifs.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis investigates the physicochemical properties of phospholipid membranes relevant to primitive cellular functions, focusing on: (i) ssDNA-membrane interactions, (ii) membrane permeability, and (iii) membrane phase separation. Through systematic studies of ssDNA-membrane binding and molecular permeability, we identified 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (12:0 PC) as a prebiotically plausible membrane component, with both intrinsic permeability and high affinity to amphiphilic nucleotides. We also demonstrated that liquid-liquid phase-separated membranes, formed with mixtures of prebiotic lipids and cholesterol, can provide a physical basis for protocell division. This work elucidates how composition and physical properties of short-chain phospholipid membranes enable life-like processes. Highlight the potential of short chain phospholipids to bridge the conceptual gap between modern membrane biophysics and primitive cell-like systems.</dcterms:abstract>
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