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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Les Pharmacopées arabes médiévales comme source de nouvelles associations antibactériennes, entre plantes et métaux</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microbiologie</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déconvolution pharmacophorique</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ces travaux ont porté sur l’application de méthodologies innovantes pour l’étude interdisciplinaire des Pharmacopées Arabes Médiévales (PAM) et de leurs ingrédients naturels. Plusieurs manuscrits du IXème au XIIème siècle ont été abordés dans l’exploration de remèdes d’intérêt par approche historico-déductive assistée par ordinateur, et analyses phytochimiques par réseaux moléculaires et déconvolutions pharmacophoriques. Ainsi, des coumarines sesquiterpéniques actives ont été isolées à partir de la résine de F. communis pour approfondir la compréhension de leur mécanisme d’action contre les bactéries à Gram+. Ensuite, l’annotation de pharmacopées a conduit à l’identification d’un remède pertinent, dont plusieurs résines ont montré une activité significative contre M. tuberculosis. Enfin, l’étude approfondie des résines de B. sacra et de C. wightii a permis de révéler des structures terpéniques comme potentiellement liées à l’activité antimycobactérienne. Ce travail démontre l’intérêt des PAM jusque dans la lutte anti-infectieuse contemporaine.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This work aimed to apply innovative methodologies to the interdisciplinary study of Medieval Arabic Pharmacopoeias (MAP) and their natural compounds. Several historical resources dating from the 9th to the 12th centuries were examined for the investigation of relevant remedies through manuscript annotation, database construction, and phytochemical analyses (molecular networking and pharmacophoric deconvolution). Active sesquiterpene coumarins were isolated from F. communis resin to advance the understanding of their mechanism of action against Gram+ bacteria. Then, the annotation of pharmacopoeias led to the identification of a pertinent remedy, in which several plant resins displayed significant activity against M. tuberculosis. Finally, the detailed study of frankincense and bdellium revealed terpene structures potentially associated with antimycobacterial activity. Those findings highlight the value of ethnopharmacological investigation of MAP for contemporary anti-infective challenges.</dcterms:abstract>
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