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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Régulation de la mégacaryopoïèse et de la thrombopoïèse par les tyrosines phosphatases non transmembranaires Shp1 et Shp2</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Regulation of megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis by the non-transmembrane tyrosine phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mégacaryocytes</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Protein tyrosine phosphatases</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La production de mégacaryocytes (MK) et de plaquettes sanguines repose sur une régulation précise de la signalisation cellulaire. Des mutations clonales au sein des cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) entraînent l’activation constitutive du récepteur Mpl de la thrombopoïètine (Tpo), favorisant l’apparition de néoplasmes myéloprolifératifs (NMP). Les protéines tyrosines phosphatases (PTP) sont reconnues comme étant des acteurs clés des voies de signalisation. Des études chez la souris utilisant le modèle Pf4-Cre ont révélés que deux PTP non transmembranaires, Shp1 et Shp2, sont essentielles au maintien d’une mégacaryopoïèse et d’une thrombopoïèse physiologique. Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre le rôle de ce tandem protéique dans la maturation des MK et la production plaquettaire chez la souris et l’humain via des approches multidisciplinaires. Nos résultats mettent en évidence que Shp2 est un régulateur crucial de ces processus, notamment en modulant la signalisation Mpl, et représente ainsi une cible thérapeutique prometteuse contre les NMP.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Megakaryocytes (MK) and platelet production relies on tightly regulated signaling mechanisms. Clonal mutations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) lead to constitutive activation of the Mpl thrombopoietin (Tpo) receptor, driving the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) are recognized as key players in signaling pathways. Previous results in mice using the Pf4-Cre model revealed that two non-transmembrane PTP, Shp1 and Shp2, are essential for the physiological maintenance of megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. This thesis aimed to investigate the role of this protein tandem in MK maturation and platelet production in mice and humans via multidisciplinary approaches. Our results highlight Shp2 as a critical regulator of these processes, acting through Mpl signaling, and identify it as a promising therapeutic target for MPN.</dcterms:abstract>
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