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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Characterization of extracellular vesicles released from human primary cells infected with armed poxviral vectors and their use in EV-based cancer therapy</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation des vésicules extracellulaires libérées par des cellules primaires humaines infectées par des vecteurs poxviraux armés et leur utilisation dans le traitement du cancer</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vésicules extracellulaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Poxvirus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vaccin thérapeutique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vecteurs viraux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Immunomodulation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Immunothérapie anticancéreuse</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Extracellular vesicles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Poxviruses</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Therapeutic vaccination</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Viral vectors</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Immunomodulation</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="223306541" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Vésicules extracellulaires</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027357155" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Immunothérapie anticancéreuse</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les poxvirus utilisés comme vecteurs thérapeutiques anticancéreux induisent de profonds remaniements cellulaires, dont certaines conséquences fonctionnelles restent encore incomplètement caractérisées. Les vésicules extracellulaires (VEs), acteurs majeurs de la communication intercellulaire, pourraient contribuer aux effets immunomodulateurs de ces vecteurs. Dans une première partie, nous avons développé une stratégie permettant de séparer rigoureusement les VEs des particules virales infectieuses et d’analyser l’impact du Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) sur la sécrétion et la composition des VEs. Nos résultats montrent que l’infection par le MVA augmente fortement la production de VEs et induit un remodelage profond de leur contenu, incluant le transfert de cargos codés par le vecteur viral. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié les propriétés fonctionnelles de ces VEs. Nous démontrons qu’elles présentent des molécules immunomodulatrices, sont capables d’activer des lymphocytes T CD8⁺ in vitro et de ralentir la croissance tumorale dans un modèle murin. Ces résultats identifient les VEs en tant que médiateurs des effets thérapeutiques des vecteurs viraux et ouvrent des perspectives pour optimiser les stratégies d’immunothérapie anticancéreuse et de vaccination.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Poxviruses used as anticancer therapeutic vectors induce profound cellular remodelling, the functional consequences of which remain incompletely characterised. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), key mediators of intercellular communication, may contribute to the immunomodulatory effects of these vectors. In a first part, we developed a strategy to rigorously separate EVs from infectious viral particles and to analyse the impact of Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) on EV secretion and composition. Our results show that MVA infection strongly increases EV production and induces a profound remodelling of their cargo, including the transfer of cargos encoded by the viral vector. In a second part, we investigated the functional properties of these EVs. We demonstrate that they display immunomodulatory molecules, are able to activate CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in vitro, and reduce tumour growth in a murine model. These findings identify EVs as mediators of the therapeutic effects of viral vectors and open new perspectives to optimise anticancer immunotherapy and vaccination strategies.</dcterms:abstract>
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