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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Understanding cognitive impairment in Down Syndrome : lessons from the Dp(16)1Yey mouse model and NAM therapy outcomes</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Comprendre les défauts cognitifs du syndrome de Down : les leçons du modèle murin Dp(16)1Yey et des résultats des thérapies NAM</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Trisomie 21</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Down syndrome</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cognition</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les troubles cognitifs constituent un défi majeur dans la vie des personnes atteintes de trisomie 21. L'hypothèse principale de ces troubles est la surinhibition du cerveau. Des études ont montré une amélioration cognitive du modèle murin Ts65Dn grâce à un NAM des récepteurs GABAα5, l’α5IA. Dans la présente étude, nous avons cherché à évaluer l'effet de ce médicament chez un modèle présentant une duplication plus complète du Hsa21, le modèle Dp(16)1Yey. Nous avons confirmé les déficits de mémoire et d’apprentissage chez les souris Dp(16)1Yey. Ensuite, nous avons évalué l'effet du traitement par l’α5IA sur les souris Dp(16)1Yey dans des tâches cognitives et motrices. Il est intéressant de voir que le traitement par l’α5IA n'a pas restauré les fonctions cognitives des souris Dp(16)1Yey, alors que la coordination motrice a été améliorée. Ces résultats suggèrent que la physiopathologie entre les deux modèles est différente et pourraient expliquer l'échec relatif de médicaments similaires chez l’humain. Les prochaines études devraient utiliser des modèles de T21 plus complexes afin d'améliorer les chances de transfert de nouvelles thérapies chez l’humain.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Cognitive impairments are a major challenge in the life of people with Down syndrome. The main hypothesis for the cause of this symptom focuses on the overinhibition in the central nervous system. Previous studies have shown a cognitive rescue of the Ts65Dn mouse model using a NAM of the GABAα5 receptors, the α5IA. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of this drug in a mouse model carrying a more complete duplication of the Hsa21, namely the Dp(16)1Yey mouse model. First, we complemented its characterization using behavioral tests with a higher translational value. We confirmed spatial memory deficits in Dp(16)1Yey mice, and highlighted a robust learning deficit. Then, we evaluated the effect of α5IA treatment on Dp(16)1Yey mice in cognitive and motor tasks. Interestingly, α5IA treatment did not restore cognition in the Dp(16)1Yey mice, while motor coordination was improved. These results suggest that the physiopathology between the two models is different and this could explain the relative failure of similar drugs in clinical trials. Further studies should consider more complex DS models to improve the chance of new therapies in clinical trials.</dcterms:abstract>
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