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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Identification et validation de nouvelles mutations et de nouveaux gènes impliqués dans les troubles de neurodéveloppement avec et sans épilepsie</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Identification and validation of new mutations and novel genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders with and without epilepsy</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Troubles du neurodéveloppement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Troubles du développement intellectuel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Séquençage de génome</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Neurodevelopmental disorder</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intellectual developmental disability</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Whole genome sequencing</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les troubles du neurodéveloppement (TND) concernent environ 5 % des enfants et sont majoritairement d’origine génétique, bien que près de 50 % des cas supposés génétiques demeurent sans diagnostic à ce jour. Ce travail met en évidence l’apport déterminant du séquençage du génome entier (WGS) dans le diagnostic des TND. L’analyse en solo puis en trio a permis d’atteindre un taux de diagnostic d’environ 50 %, grâce à la détection de variants auparavant inaccessibles aux approches conventionnelles, notamment dans les régions noncodantes (RNU4-2), l’ADN mitochondrial ou encore sous forme de réarrangements structuraux équilibrés. L’interprétation de ces variants reste toutefois complexe et nécessite des validations fonctionnelles approfondies, illustrées ici par l’étude des gènes DDX6, AGO1 et TNRC6A, impliqués dans la régulation post-transcriptionnelle des ARNm. Les études en microscopie, protéique ou encore le CLIP-seq ont permis d’affiner la compréhension de leurs mécanismes pathogènes. Ces travaux approfondissent la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires des TND et ouvrent la voie à un meilleur diagnostic et une meilleure prise en charge dans les années à venir.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) affect approximately 5% of children and are predominantly of genetic origin, although nearly 50% of presumed genetic cases remain undiagnosed to date. This work highlights the major contribution of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to the diagnosis of NDDs. Analysis of both singleton and trio genomes achieved a diagnostic yield of about 50%, owing to the detection of variants previously inaccessible to conventional approaches, notably in non-coding regions (RNU4-2), mitochondrial DNA, or as balanced structural rearrangements. However, interpreting these variants remains challenging and requires extensive functional validation, as illustrated by the study of the genes DDX6, AGO1, and TNRC6A, involved in post-transcriptional mRNA regulation. Microscopy, proteomic analyses, and CLIP-seq experiments have refined our understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms. Altogether, this work advances our molecular understanding of NDDs and paves the way for improved diagnostic strategies and more personalized patient care in the years to come.</dcterms:abstract>
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