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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Outils d'analyse et de comparaison de modèles pour la détection de défaillances</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Industrie 5.0</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Visualisations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Évaluation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse s’inscrit dans l’Industrie 4.0 et traite de la maintenance prévisionnelle, où anticiper les pannes est essentiel pour la sécurité et la rentabilité. Si de nombreux modèles d'intelligence artificielle prédisent aujourd'hui l'usure des machines, leur évaluation repose souvent sur des indicateurs globaux simplistes qui masquent des comportements critiques. Ce travail démontre que deux modèles aux performances moyennes identiques peuvent réagir très différemment selon le contexte opérationnel, comme les variations de charge. L'objectif est de proposer des méthodes d'analyse plus fines pour choisir le modèle le plus fiable selon les contraintes du terrain. Pour cela, la thèse introduit deux outils de visualisation originaux nommés le 2D Error Space et le Domain Evolution Plot. Ces méthodes permettent de comparer les erreurs point par point et d'analyser la précision selon les conditions de fonctionnement. Validés sur des données industrielles, ces outils offrent une aide à la décision concrète pour garantir une maintenance précise et une production continue.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis falls within the framework of Industry 4.0 and predictive maintenance, where anticipating failures is crucial for safety and profitability. While many artificial intelligence models now predict machine wear, their evaluation often relies on simplistic global metrics that hide critical behavioral differences. This work demonstrates that two models with similar average performance can react very differently depending on the operational context, such as load variations. The objective is to provide finer analytical methods to help engineers choose the most reliable model based on real-world constraints. To meet this need, the thesis introduces two new visualization and comparison tools called the 2D Error Space and the Domain Evolution Plot. The first compares errors point by point to identify which algorithm performs better in specific cases, while the second analyzes how accuracy evolves according to operating conditions. Validated on industrial datasets, these tools provide a detailed view of model robustness and offer genuine decision support for better production continuity.</dcterms:abstract>
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